I don’t like this name of this “sample”.
Don’t worry, there is not a new Framework to learn as of now. The official definition is:
The Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework is a free, centralized code sample library provided by the Microsoft Community team. Our goal is to provide typical code samples for all Microsoft development technologies.
Anyway, in these samples, you will find good pieces of code for ASP.Net, Windows Forms, Silverlight, WPF, Azure … and much more.
Most samples are provided for VS2008 and VS2010 as well as C++, C# and VB.
It is worth downloading it as you will surely find something good for you.
Visit http://1code.codeplex.com/ for more details.